The
UPS meaning
UPS is an abbreviation for Uninterruptible
Power Supply.
A UPS is the ideal equipment, which
provides continuous power to all
connected electrical and electronic
loads even in the event of blackout
or variations in voltage. It regulates
the voltage to the constant range
that is safe for its loads.
The main functions of UPS are to
protect all connected electrical
and electronic loads, especially,
computers and peripherals, from
power problems such as brownout,
blackout, spike and surge, etc.
and to supply backup power to its
loads.
The
UPS general functions
In general, the UPS takes the utility
power and supplies to its connected
loads. The principle of the UPS
is to keep the connecting loads
continuously working without any
interruption. It converts the AC
power to DC power and stores it
in the storage battery. Whenever
power problems occur, the UPS still
supplies power by regulating, or
drawing backup power from the storage
battery as long as the battery is
not flat.
The
UPS components
The UPS consists of
Charger
or Rectifier -
takes the utility AC power and converts
to DC power. Then charges the batteries
Inverter - takes
the DC power from the batteries
and converts to AC power for electrical
and electronic loads Battery - backs
up power to supply during the power
problems. It can supply DC power
to the inverter in case of the UPS
cannot take the utility AC power.
Stabilizer - regulates
the voltage to the constant range
that is safe for the electrical
and electronic loads
The
UPS advantages
The UPS can protect the electrical
and electronic loads, especially
computers and peripherals, from
the damages caused by such things
as the utility power supply malfunction,
natural phenomena like thunderstorm,
rainstorm, and power disturbance
of electric loads in the building,
etc. Each power outage may cause
many problems but the UPS can protect
as the following
•
Supplies
backup power to all connected
loads during blackout or
brownout to save open file
promptly and extend the
floppy disk and hard disk
lifespan
•
Regulates
the voltage to the acceptable
range to all connected loads
during the power problems
•
Protects
all connected loads from
data and equipments damage
caused by electric noise
The
UPS types
The UPS are classified into three
types:
1.
Offline UPS or Standby
UPS
In
the normal mode, the load is directly
supplied with the utility power
supply at the same time the charger
charges the battery. In the event
of a blackout, the battery will
supply power to the inverter to
convert the power and supply to
all connected loads. The transfer
switch is used to switch between
the utility power supply and the
inverter.
If the UPS is operating in normal
mode and the utility power instantaneously
fluctuates, the transfer switch
is not sensitive enough to detect.
So the power will be directly supplied
from the utility power supply. If
the low-quality power is supplied,
the load will take the low-quality
power.
The Offline UPS or Standby UPS is
only designed to protect the loads
from a blackout, it cannot protect
from the variations in voltage and
electrical noise, therefore, its
cost is lower than the other types.
Moreover, it is unsuitable to use
in any places where close to generated
power sources such as dams, power
stations and substations, etc.
The
features of the Offline UPS
or Standby UPS
•
Low
cost
•
Protect
only a blackout
•
Unsuitable
to use in any places like
nearby generated power sources,
power stations and industrial
area, etc.
•
Short
battery and UPS lifespan
2.
Online Protection UPS or
Line Interactive UPS with Stabilizer
As
a flow chart, the Online Protection
UPS or Line Interactive UPS with
Stabilizer is similar to the Offline
UPS but it includes the stabilizer.
In the normal mode, the load is
directly supplied with the utility
power supply through the stabilizer
that its function is to regulate
the voltage to constant range, to
protect from brownout, surge and
spike, etc. At the same time, the
charger charges the battery. In
the event of a blackout, the battery
will supply power to the inverter
to convert the power and supply
to all connected loads. The transfer
switch is used to switch between
the stabilizer and the inverter.
The Online Protection UPS or Line
Interactive UPS with Stabilizer
is developed from the Offline UPS
by addition the stabilizer to protect
from power problems. With this feature,
if the utility voltage is out of
range that the loads can take but
still in the input range of the
UPS, the stabilizer module can regulate
the voltage to the acceptable range.
So that the UPS does not have to
draw backup power from the battery,
which means that your system are
more stable and reliable.
The
features of the Online Protection
UPS or Line Interactive UPS
with Stabilizer
•
The
cost may be similar to the
Offline UPS or Standby UPS
cost
•
Suitable
to use in some places where
there are many variations
in voltage.
•
Incompatible
with the sensitive electrical
equipments such as medical
equipments and industrial
instruments, etc.
•
With
the stabilizer to protect
from excess voltage and voltage
drops
•
Allow
the acceptable electrical
noise through the loads
•
Long
battery and UPS lifespan
3.
True Online UPS
As
a flow chart, the True Online UPS
is the ideal UPS with maximum performance.
The charger and inverter will operate
all the time. Whatever its power
conditions, the UPS always supply
clean power to all connected loads
until the storage batteries are
flat except when the inverter malfunction,
it will supply power from the utility
power supply to all connected loads.
It is recommended not to use the
failure inverter anymore.
The True Online UPS is the most
performance of all UPS on the market.
It can protect from all power problems
and provide the high-quality power.
Therefore, its cost is higher than
the other types.
The
features of the True Online
UPS
•
High
cost
•
High
performance and capable
to protect all power problems
.
•
AC
power from the UPS is high-quality,
precise voltage and without
electrical noise
•
Take
the DC power from the storage
battery and convert to AC
power for all connected loads
during a blackout or brownout
The
UPS applications
If the purposes of the UPS applications
are to back up power to supply to
all connected electrical and electronic
loads, especially, computers and
peripherals, during a blackout or
brownout, to regulate the acceptable
voltage to its loads during power
failure or to protect its loads
from electrical noise caused by
destroying data and equipments,
it can be applied.
For
Example
Computer
systems
Computers
and peripherals such as
printer, monitor, speaker
and modem, etc.
Office
Communication
systems, computer systems,
machines, OA and electrical
equipments, etc.
Industrial
Communication
systems, computer systems,
machines, instruments-equipments,
measuring instruments and
electrical equipments, etc.
Medical
Medical
equipments and surgical
equipments, etc.
Telecommunication
Communication
equipments and telecommunication
control room, etc.
Process
control
Data
processing and report systems
of banking and stock exchange,
etc.
Home
electrical
equipments such as TV, stereo,
radio and fan, etc. , and
computers and peripherals
Remark:
All
combined electrical and
electronic loads will
be connected to the UPS,
their power need must
be less than or equal
to capable of UPS supply.
The
UPS advantages
